Як РФ знищувала Україну економічно: історія війни з 1991 року | Ціна держави

Як РФ знищувала Україну економічно: історія війни з 1991 року | Ціна держави

There is an opinion that the hybrid war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine began in 2014, in fact, it was from the first day of the existence of independent Ukraine. It was an economic hybrid war, it had various forms of acquisition by Russian companies of

Ukrainian assets, which were then sprayed into scrap metal, and the equipment was exported to the Russian Federation lobbying through its political agents of slowing down the launch of the land market, pension reform, shale gas production under the guise of fair tariffs for the population, Russia lobbied for

Excessive gas consumption, the market value of which was covered through the budget at the expense of taxpayers, which provided Gazprom with guaranteed profits, numerous trade wars against Ukraine, even the invasion and occupation of part of the territory of Ukraine was aimed at to inflict irreparable

Economic losses on our country, which will then, through its propaganda machine, launch theses about an incompetent state, a failed state that cannot provide its citizens with high welfare only by minimal calculations, the war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine since 2014 and a full-scale invasion have inflicted, as of June

2023, our economy losses of 696 billion dollars, for comparison, all direct foreign investments during the time of independence amounted to 95 billion dollars, we have already made a video about how the USSR economically destroyed Ukraine, the expropriation of agricultural production from the peasants and as a result of the famine,

Which was used to pay for Stalinist industrialization, the deportation of Ukrainians for the construction of large Soviet constructions, pumping out gas and oil for export to Western countries, so what at the request of readers We continue the series and now tell how Russia economically destroyed Ukraine at the time of independence,

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The description under the video. By the way, the state price will be discounted by the promo code minus 5 from the link to the course in the description to this video from the first days of independence, Russian business immediately showed interest in Ukrainian assets and tried to position himself as

A reliable investor who should be given preference over European or North American ones, after gaining control over Ukrainian assets, later Russian owners bankrupted enterprises, cut them into scrap metal and transferred production with export of equipment to the Russian Federation, we will talk only about

Key examples Kharkiv Tractor Plant – the largest tractor manufacturing enterprise in Ukraine was built in 1931 as part of Stalinist industrialization, which was paid for, including by grain exports expropriated from Ukrainian peasants. This plant produced 50,000 tractors a year after Ukraine regained its independence, the plant became part of the state

Concern ukrspetsksport in 2000 created a new series of 160 powerful integrated tractors for processing various crops, the modernized plant increased the productivity of agricultural vehicles by 2-2.5 times among all tractor plants of the former USSR KhTZ – the only plant from the gates of which models of all existing classes from

Small garden and garden machines with a capacity of eight horsepower and up to high-powered crawler and wheeled tractors, it is a powerful production base for the production of modern machines of a high technical level, in 2001 it was privatized in the period from 2003 to 2006,

There was a three-time change of the owner of the enterprise until 2007, the main shareholder of KhTZ was Kharkiv businessman co-owner of dch group Oleksandr Yaroslavsky, then the plant was acquired by the gas group, the Russian plant for the production of Volga Chaika truck brands, the gas of the Russian pro-Putin oligarch

Oleg Derepasky, the economic crisis of 2008 also hit the engineering industry in the world hard, the Russian owners decided in 2009 to suspend production, and the assembly of equipment was transferred to Russia starting in 2010 2013, KhTZ began to refuse Ukrainian components for tractors

And give preference to products from China. And in October 2013, the plant completely stopped purchasing parts from domestic manufacturers and switched to Chinese and Russian production. And on October 17, 2013, KhTZ stopped work and sent employees to unpaid leave as blackmail for

Stopping the processing of customs declarations by Kharkiv customs for seven Russian enterprises that supplied the plant with components and materials instead of Ukrainian ones for the production of tractors with the new Russian management began to grow and the losses of the enterprise at the end of 2010 amounted to

UAH 60.452 million since April 2000 16 the owner again became Oleksandr Yaroslavsky, who acquired a controlling stake in the plant and included them in his dch company group. Production was resumed and the first tractor rolled off the assembly line already in February 2017.

And by the end of the year, 794 units of equipment were produced and the Kharkiv Tractor Plant turned a profit of 48, 8 million hryvnias, however, the Russian Oligarch Deripaska remained Yaroslavsky’s business partner, and according to some information, the Russian continued to exercise control over the enterprise through the Kharkiv businessman

. shops of the Russian Federation did not have their own production of tractors similar to that because their largest Volgograd tractor plant was liquidated, as the former general director of the enterprise Vladyslav Gubin claimed, he was given an order to reduce personnel, prepare for deployment in the Russian Federation,

Equipment for the production of civilian products, and equipment for the production of military equipment was planned to be cut to scrap metal, but these plans were prevented by the Security Service of Ukraine, the company’s property and accounts were seized in 2020 at

The Kharkiv Tractor Plant, the rehabilitation procedure was started before the opening of bankruptcy proceedings, in addition to everything else, the plant also had a defense significance for the country, since KhTZ was the basic manufacturer of armored personnel carriers in July 2022 as a result of Russian shelling, the Kharkiv Tractor Plant

Was destroyed, the closure of the Zaporizhia Aluminum Plant is also an example of how the Russians destroyed their competitors in 1994. The Zaporizhia Aluminum Plant turned into a private joint-stock company, but its sad history began in the 2000s, when the

State Property Fund of Ukraine put forward a controlling stake the plant was put up for auction the following year, avtovazinvest from Russia became the winner of the bidding, the condition of the agreement was to invest 200 million dollars in the plant for its modernization and reconstruction, in

2004 it became clear that the Russian owners did not fulfill their obligations, and have no intention of doing so, the company came under control of the Russian Sual group. Three years later, Sual merged with the tycoon of the influential Russian billionaire Oleg Dripaska and the assets of the Swiss trader glgnkor.

Two years after Dripaska entered the market, he owned 975% of the company’s shares, and problems began. If in 2007, the combine earned more than 95 million hryvnias of net profit and produced 113,000 tons of aluminum, then already in 2009, production fell to 50,000 tons, and in 2010, the amount of aluminum produced

Fell to a ridiculous 25,000 tons, according to the SBU, the owners of the plant caused the systematic destruction of the main production facilities of the plant, the ore-thermal furnaces were stopped, which in general led to the stoppage of aluminum production at the plant for the final destruction of the equipment, the equipment

Was dismantled and taken out of the territory, the liquid equipment of the workshop was transferred to a company controlled by Russian business structures, as a result of these actions, the state suffered losses in the amount of more than 40 million dollars Dnipro

Dniprometis – the largest producer of metal products in Ukraine In 2006 bought Russian Severstal by acquiring 60% plus one share of Dnipro-Metiz from its then owner of the TAZ Group, Serhiy Tigibka, the amount of the transaction at that time

Was estimated at approximately 50 million dollars, two years later, the Russians bought out the partner’s share, consolidating 95% of the company’s shares, it cannot be said that Dnepromitis became for The most important asset of the Russian group was the plant, which produced relatively inexpensive products and supplied only small volumes of its

Products to Russia, the majority of its sales, 30%, went to Ukraine, the rest was abroad, most likely the purchase of the plant was aimed at removing an actively dumping competitor from the Russian market, the Russian owner did not increase production the power of Dniprometiz did not specifically invest in the development

Of the enterprise, although there were few prospects for increasing production and exports to other countries, and with this, new jobs would be created and the salaries of employees would increase, and the state would receive more taxes . tons per year, while the capacity of

Severstal Mitiza reached 1 million tons per year, the company ended 2012-2013 with small losses in the range of 13-15 million UAH, but it was by no means a financial black hole, but in 2014, only a few days after

The change of power in Kyiv, it became known that Severstal is putting Dniprometiz up for sale, the buyer was an unnamed German private company, nothing was reported about the price, and already in 2017, Severstal’s subsidiary company, Combai Services Limited, completed the sale of 100% of the shares

Of dialzoneholing ltd, which owns 98.6% to the shares of the Ukrainian company Dniprometez, so initially Severstal sold the plant to itself, in fact, fearing that the company with a Russian owner in the current Ukraine might face problems or even be seized or confiscated seelmii,

The legend of electron microscopes, the heir to the well-known Electron production association in Soviet times, specialized in the manufacture of high-tech equipment of electrical automation and vacuum equipment on the official page of seelmii wrote that after Ukraine gained independence, many familiar connections were lost, so the plant began to gain experience

In international cooperation with companies such as Japanese Hitachi, French Kamek and German Carl Zeiss. In 1997, the plant was included in the list of enterprises that have of strategic importance for the economy and security of Ukraine, however, the purely Ukrainian Selmi did not stay long during the privatization

Of the plant in the period from 1994 to 2001, there was a sale of shares by the owners of about 48% became employees of the plant, and a controlling stake of 51.96% was acquired by the production association Electrochemical Plant, which includes to the Russian state monopoly company by growth, after which the company

Began to decline in 2002, it was recognized as unprofitable, and in September 2009 it stopped working altogether. They tried to save the company for seven years, but they failed to do so. In December 2017, the court declared Selmi bankrupt. His property was put on display. for sale at the beginning of January

2022, an auction was held at which a sale contract was signed for 19 million hryvnias, the buyer was lucr Limited, a company registered in Kyiv that provides lease and operation of its own or leased real estate, Lviv bus plant – an enterprise that once entered the Guinness Book of Records for

The production of the largest number of passenger vehicles of one Laz 695 model in 2002, a controlling stake in Laz was acquired by a Russian businessman, Igor Churkin, aware of his connections with the Russian authorities . 60 times the company was in debt,

The process continues. When the government of Nikolay Azarov chooses the bankrupt Laz as the main supplier of municipal transport for the cities hosting the 2012 European Football Championship, this is a state order worth hundreds of millions of hryvnias. only

The equipment for his other enterprise, and he began to withdraw the rest of the assets, such as real estate or land, all this meant a clear preparation of the company for collapse and in fact, in 2014, the executive service issues a decree

On the seizure of the plant’s property, the premises are put up for auction, Lviv Bus Plant LLC and Budtechkomplekt LLC postage group of companies that bought a number of objects of the former industrial giant are also connected to Igor Churkin, he brought las to bankruptcy, and

Then this Russian businessman bought his property again. He has family ties with Vitaly Churkin, the former permanent representative of Russia to the United Nations . the territory of Ukraine in 2023, Laz finally ceased its activities, the property was looted by the owners, and the equipment was exported to Russia.

The situation with shipbuilding plants in Ukraine is very similar to the story of Laz. In 2003, the Yanukovych government sold the Black Sea Shipbuilding Plant in Mykolaiv to the same Igor at an extremely low price Churkin and his brother Oleg Churkin, however, no one fulfilled the investment obligations stipulated in the agreement and

The companies were brought to bankruptcy. These were deliberate actions and conspiracies. Another giant shipbuilding plant in Mykolaiv, Ocean, was bought out in 1994 by the Interprom company, the owners of Igor Churkin and Vadim Gutseriev plant capable of building warships for our naval forces, in 1000

It passed into the hands of the ukrsudpro company, which was also associated with the Russian Yevgeny Shvitkevich. Since 2011, the plant has been under the operational management of Vadym Novinsky’s smart holding. Since 2012, the enterprise was on the verge

Of bankruptcy, and the company left from the project, the plant was put up for sale, but the price for which it was sold in the end is shocking, a little more than UAH 122 million. At the starting price of UAH

1.8 billion, in fact, the plant went for the price of a house in Konchazasp, even if you cut the equipment that was kept there for scrap metal several times more expensive than anyone who could need the plant. Formally, the winner of the sales auction

Was annona LLC, the owner of which is Mykolaiv entrepreneur Ihor Voloshyn. But most likely he purchased this enterprise in the interests of another person in December 2018. Vasyl Kapatsina, who is called the gray cardi lom, became the owner of the Okane Shipbuilding Plant. of the Ukrainian port industry since then,

The plant began to restore production, manufacture barges and carry out ship repair orders, now they do not work with ships here, because the waterways are mined Russian billionaires also seized a number of Ukrainian oil refineries in the first years of independence in Ukraine Six large refineries Nadvirnyansk, Drohobytsk, Kherson, Odesa, Lysichansky, and

Kremenchuk with a total annual design capacity of 52 million tons of various nato products, plants were privatized in the 1990s and 2000s. This was part of Russia’s strategy for economic expansion in Ukraine, which included the acquisition of Ukrainian assets, in particular in the fuel and energy complex of the

National security sector. In addition, these plants were important strategic objects that could use the style and methods of work of Russian business in Ukraine to put pressure on the Ukrainian authorities are known for this and meticulous work with lobby groups with the extraction of the most favorable conditions with their subsequent adjustment to

Reduce their obligations, the first major measure of the company’s Russian business tatneft at the Kremenchug Refinery, where a large stake was exchanged for guaranteed oil supply and the reconstruction of the plant did not provide either regular supplies or reconstruction. The Russian oil company is one of

The largest oil companies in the world. It was founded as a state concern in 1992, it was privatized, and a controlling stake was obtained by several of Russian companies and private individuals, one of the key participants was Oleg Derepaska, who before that already owned several oil production companies,

His partners, in particular, Victor Vekselberg and Gennady Timchenko, also received significant blocks of shares. Lukoil, known for its direct connections with the Russian government, was a sponsor of political parties, in particular, United Russia a division of the company

Operated on the territory of Ukraine under the name Lukoil Ukraine, the main assets of this subsidiary are one refinery on the territory of Ukraine, lukoy Odesa oil refinery gas station network a number of enterprises in Kalush In August 2014, Koil sold 240 gas stations and six oil tanks in Ukraine to the little-known

Austrian company Amic Energy management for $300 million, actually at cost price. previously worked in the structures of the Russian company, the SBU accused family structures of Lukoil of being involved in terrorist financing schemes in the Donbass and the sale of re-export and transit oil on the territory of Ukraine. Lukoil

Bought the Odesa refinery in order to facilitate the export of oil and petroleum products through the Odesa terminal after the overthrow of Yanukovych, the Russian owners stopped the operation of the plant without objective reasons, apparently at the request of the Kremlin curators,

The Lysichan refinery located on the border with the Rostov region became the next step for aggression into new sales markets, the youngest of the Ukrainian oil refineries exported oil through the Samara Lisichansk pipeline in 2000, the oil refinery was sold to the Russian company TNK, which supplied oil for the plant,

And most of the production was sold to Russia and Crimea, the representative of the Ukrainian National Insurance Company Yuriy Boyko, who later in 2012 held the position of Minister of Energy and Coal Industry

In the government of Nikolai Azarov, lobbied for the sale of the enterprise to Russian companies. At the same time, the plant was confiscated and put up for sale. there is no argument in favor of maintaining the work of the Ukrainian plant, the Russians closed the refinery under the pretext of unprofitability

Of production, and even when oil prices held the mark of 100 dollars per barrel, today they are at the level of about 80 dollars per barrel, the Russian company Rusal of the already mentioned businessman Oleg Derepaska became the only the owner of the Mykolaiv Alumina Plant is one of the largest

Non-ferrous metallurgical enterprises in Europe. In 2000, when the Russians entered the plant, they paid 100 million dollars for 30% of its shares and spent another 50 million dollars on buying shares on the stock market and purchasing additional packages from the state.

In the annual report of JSC there is an interesting column is the volume of production in monetary terms at current prices, according to the data of this column, MGZ estimated the value of products produced in 2000 and 2002 at 1.8 billion dollars. But the volume of sales

Is indicated at 360 million dollars, of course, not all the difference went into the pocket, there are real purchase costs raw materials or transportation, however, in three years the gap in these indicators amounted to 717.8 million dollars. In 2001, the plant

Produced 1.12 million tons of alumina and received only 87 million dollars in sales, that is, less than $90 per ton before the beginning of privatization, when the management sold products at lower prices prices companies paid 100-110

Lav per ton for gaskets, it seemed that it could not be lower. It is noteworthy that almost all Ukrainian industrial enterprises that came under the influence of Russian business almost did not develop despite the financial capabilities of the shareholders. From 2008 to 2018,

The Dnipro metallurgical plant was owned by the Russian group Evraz and Zaporizhstal, which is owned by Rinat Akhmetov and unknown Russian shareholders, are the only metallurgical enterprises in Ukraine that have not yet implemented advanced metallurgical technologies at the southern mining and beneficiation plant, which

Was also controlled by Evraz for a long time. Instead of modernization, they completely closed the Luhansk sinter plant Luhansk Teplovoz has been owned since 2007 by a Russian businessman 76% of the shares Zattransmashholding Iskander Makhmudov Andriy Kazitsyn and Andriy Bakaryov before the war it was the largest enterprise in Ukraine

Specializing in the production of mainline freight locomotives and diesel trains after the start of hostilities and the capture of Luhansk by separatists, the plant was re-registered in Severidonetsk, but the production facilities remained in the occupied territory, the plant stopped working in the spring

Of 2015 Due to the occupation, it was impossible to deliver components from Germany and the United States to the plant, as a result of which the work of the enterprise was blocked already in December, the equipment was taken out and cut into scrap metal from

The Lysichan soda plant, and now there is also nothing left for the remains of the buildings. One would think that the plant was destroyed by the war, although in fact the dismantling of the enterprise began in 2011 the Lysichan soda plant was founded in 1892 by the Belgian company Sollve,

The plant produced millions of tons of soda ash with supply abroad in 2007, it was sold to the Russian soda company of entrepreneurs Mykhailo Gutseriev and Valeriy Zakapteilov, who paid for it in the range of 35-40 million dollars. The enterprise was sold without consent of the Lysichansk thermal power plant

, which was essentially used to generate steam directly for the soda plant itself, the main problem of the Lysichansk soda plant was the critical cost of production due to high gas prices, the plant also operated on outdated equipment and needed investment in the renewal of production, but

The Russian owners did not plan to develop the enterprise in 2010 the year ended with a loss of UAH 68.9 million, when buying Lysot, the owner promised to invest in the development of the enterprise, to establish cooperation with leading companies in Europe and to settle relations with

The gas supplier, but nothing of what was planned was done . we selected the most eloquent enterprises in 2005 the international corporation ArcelorMittal for a record 4.8 billion dollars acquired the largest enterprise of the mining and metallurgical complex of Ukraine, Kryvorizhstal, so that it would be another

Jewel in this metallurgical crown Arcelorr only invested 180 million dollars in 2022 because it is interested in development this is what all foreign investors from civilized countries did, Russian business bought Ukrainian assets not in order to develop business, but solely for the purpose of

Destroying a competitor, creating zones of Russian business, it also controlled the information space of Ukraine, in the 2000s, Russian capital accounted for 30-50% of the Ukrainian show -business before Russia had access channels for the spread of various misinformation, this area included television, the film industry, media and book publishing before the full-scale war,

Books from Russia occupied from 50 to 70% of the Ukrainian market before, until 2012, the products of Russian publishers and distributors filled up to 90% of the market together with by gray schemes before the war, the volume of Russian imports amounted to about 100

Million dollars per year, most Russian books were cheaper than Ukrainian ones, the reason is that the scale of the Russian book market is more than 10 times larger than the Ukrainian one, and the volume reaches more than 1 billion dollars, the struggle for a buyer was also at

The level of buying licenses the Russians offered more money for the rights to the Translation of Bezseler, and sometimes they bought the rights to the Ukrainian translation for the Ukrainian translation license so that world literature would not be translated into Ukrainian and Ukrainians would buy Russian translations. On June 22, 2023,

A draft law was adopted on banning the import and distribution of books from Russia and Belarus by by freeing up places on the shelves of bookstores for the Ukrainian publisher, expanding the circle of potential buyers and increasing sales revenue,

The Ukrainian book got rid of the pressure of a very large player, but the law does not impose restrictions on the trade in electronic content, the Ukrainian book market, together with budget purchases of textbooks, before the full-scale invasion was estimated at no less than 200 million dollars, according to forecasts, in 2024, the

Turnover from publications alone will be 100 million dollars . has the necessary equipment for storing film tapes and conditions for their storage have not been created at all. In the 2010s, we started publishing our tapes, but the Ukrainian film masterpieces of Dovzhenko Kavaleridze Shpykovsky had to be bought, exchanged, and sometimes

Lured. We defended our interests in our own films, but which were stolen Muscovy, and then it was necessary to prove that they were truly Ukrainian, the opposition of Ukrainian cinema to Russian peace actively began after the Revolution of Dignity and the capture of Donbass, the state was actively involved in Ukrainization and wanted

Russian not to be on the screens at all Ukrainians in recent years have seen an increase in the number of films funded by the state and the very interest audiences for Ukrainian cinema, while in 2011 only one Ukrainian-made film was shown in cinemas, in 2017 more than 30

Films were released. In 2017, the state cinema allocated UAH 500 million of taxpayer funds to support Ukrainian films, which is five times more than in 2011 in 2018 last year, the amount was already 1 billion hryvnias, the information that the Russians stole and dubbed into Russian the successful Ukrainian TV series “Catch

The Kid” is not the first of its kind, the Ukrainian cartoon Mavka and local box office hits Luxembourg, Luxembourg and Pamfir have already been disputed. culture They do not understand anything due to the obvious difficulties of translation, and they

Do not need to, because the sense of unjustified theft is to please their own ego after, as a result of Russian aggression against Ukraine, the studios Paramount, Disney, Warner Brothers, and Sony left the Russian market, as well as the services of Netflix, Spotify,

And similar the collapse of the Russian industry is waiting for them, the Russians are interfering in the distribution of clothing on the Ukrainian market, although it is more mass-marketing than branded, because there is no such thing in Russia. sama trreade

Kazan So 75% of the shares are owned by Dmitry Garbuza Sportmaster and Austin, the founders are the Fartushnyak family and Dmitry Doihen, the Kari chain belongs to the Cypriot offshore whose beneficiary is Ihor Yakovlev bskosport – sportswear that is part

Of the Russian group of companies of the main shareholder of Moscow Gum, currently in Ukraine, a retail store is only in Odesa, the share of Russian clothing in the Ukrainian market increased from 20% in 2014 to 30% in 2023 thanks to

The presence of its own chain of stores. By the way, Russian chains have ignored the products of Ukrainian manufacturers for more than 30 years, and large Ukrainian businesses hoped that Russia would be a partner and not the enemy, but in

Practice it turned out that where the Russians had a key influence, plants and factories at least did not develop, and in the worst case were closed in favor of Russian competitors and went to scrap metal, and this is only one part of

The businesses that the Russians appropriated to spread their influence on the economic destruction of Ukraine if we begin to consider in detail all the cases from different parts of the country and in different years, then a multi-part series with dozens of

Seasons will be released. However, we cannot help but consider the intervention of the Russian state authorities directly to make important decisions, oil and gas deals, the energy sector, an industry that has always been at the forefront of Russia’s influence on Ukraine in the economy of Ukraine Gas has always been not only

An energy resource, but also a means of political pressure since independence, a popular task for government officials was to maintain low gas prices for the population, because from the first years, Ukrainian gas supply was economically dependent on Muscovy, which quickly perfected energy

Blackmail In 2006, Russia stopped gas supplies for the first time, allegedly due to a dispute about prices and non-payment, although the reason was the loss of Viktor Yanukovych in the presidential elections, then the Russians accused Naftogaz of stealing gas, although there was no evidence, and appeals to international judges, for example, to

The Stockholm International Court of Arbitration, as Naftogaz did in 2016 and subsequently won a fine of 4.63 billion dollars for non- fulfillment of the agreed volumes of gas to ensure transit. Later, the parties managed to agree on a gas price of $95 per 1,000 cubic meters. The parties stated that

This became possible due to the mixing of Russian gas at a price of $230 and Trukmen gas at a cost of $44 per 1,000 cubic meters, the economic blockade was resolved by a contract for the sale of gas, which was to be carried out by January 1, 2010,

But the Russian Federation arbitrarily stopped fulfilling the terms of the contract a year before its end in 2009. Russia stopped supplying gas to Ukraine, demanding to be inclined to sign a new contract for that Ukraine had almost 30 billion cubic meters of gas in gas storage at the

Time, in the event of a complete gas blockade by Russia, we could provide for the needs of our economy at least until the end of April 29th and in the case of the introduction of the austerity regime for a few more months, the then president

Viktor Yushchenko understood the complexity of the situation. Also, the fact that at that time we were not the only transitor of Russian gas to the territory of the countries of the European Union, bypass gas pipelines such as the North and South streams began to be built later. they needed us

Much more than they needed us, that’s why he forbade any negotiations on this matter, waiting for the necessary moment, the representatives of the Russian Federation immediately started an information campaign against Ukraine, accusing our state of stealing gas and again without evidence and filing lawsuits the fact that in November 2008, representatives of

The Russian government traveled around European capitals and warned of future problems with exports through Ukraine serves as confirmation that this was a pre-prepared discredit campaign to international courts, and Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko decided to ignore the instruction of the President and flew to Moscow

To sign a new agreement, the attempts to justify these agreements look strange , claiming that the then Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin put pressure on the Ukrainian Prime Minister Tymoshenko on January 18 held negotiations in a face-to-face format behind closed doors, that is, no one except these two people knows

What they were talking about, the agreement itself stipulated that the base price for Russian natural gas for Ukraine amounted to 450 US dollars per cubic meter of gas. It was because of this price and the applied approach to its calculation that Ukrainians overpaid Russia for gas for years.

In addition, the contract provided for a rate of take or Ukraine will buy 52 billion or more cubic meters of gas per year, otherwise, with the purchase of a smaller volume, Ukraine would have to pay at least 41.6 billion cubic meters of gas annually. Regardless of whether

Naftogaz purchased such a volume of blue burning, in addition, Russia prohibited the re-export of its gas to understand these volumes, let’s give an example: in 2018, Ukraine imported 10.6 billion cubic meters of gas and was able to go through the heating season normally, such conditions also

Hindered the possibility of developing its own gas wells, that is, did not allow the country to become more energy independent from Russian gas. Because few people had incentives to spend funds, time and effort to start production of own

Gas if the gas storage facilities are already full and there were no incentives to buy less anyway because you will still have to pay, but the issue of gas transit was not spelled out so carefully in the text of the agreement it was stated that Russia annually

Undertakes to transport no less than 110 billion cubic meters of gas, but it was not specified at all what will happen if it does not fulfill this clause of the agreement, as a result, choosing justice in the Stockholm arbitration court, Naftogaz was forced to rely exclusively on the losses that Ukraine suffered

In the period from 2009 to 2017 due to significantly smaller volumes of transportation of fuel, the arbitration estimated them at 4.6 billion dollars according to the estimates of Naftogaz itself, because of cheap gas for the population, Ukraine overpaid for Russian gas by 60 billion

Dollars in 10 years due to the fact that it did not stimulate energy efficiency among Ukrainians, which caused excess consumption volumes, the difference between the market the price and cost to the population was covered from the budget, the next step was the Kharkiv

Agreements, according to which the price of Russian gas for Ukraine was reduced by 100 dollars per 1000 cubic meters in exchange for the extension of the stay of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation in Sevastopol until 2042, but in fact this discount was a completely

Temporary phenomenon, since already in the second quarter of 2012, the price of natural gas rose to 425 dollars per 1,000 cubic meters, that is, the promises and contractual obligations of the Kremlin turned out to be empty again. The very bases of the Russian Black Sea Fleet in

2014 became the basis for the deployment of occupation forces in Crimea by the then simple Lord President Viktor Yanukovych was more interested in defending the interests of Russia than the interests of Ukraine. Another stage of discounts was concluded by

Yanukovych and Putin in December 2013. According to them, the price of gas was supposed to drop from 480 to 268 dollars per dollar, the price for this was the rejection of Ukraine’s association with the European Union and the integration of gas industries Ukraine and

Russia under such conditions for many years, our state was in total depending on the supply of Russian blue fuel, it was believed that there was no alternative to it, and even when they started talking about energy independence and increasing the production of their own gas, the Russians intended to

Block and prevent it in every possible way, although we are not talking about traditional gas, but about shale gas, shale gas production became profitable in the long run Yanukovych’s clan was interested in this opportunity, it is believed that Ukraine has the fourth largest shale gas reserves in Europe after France, Norway and

Poland, according to the data of the US Energy Information Administration, which is referred to by the authors of the report, shale gas is unconventional and undesirable, arguments against shale gas, Ukrainian shale gas reserves, what is possible to extract

They make up one whole 2 trillion cubic meters, it is clear that this is a lot of money, the exploration of reserves began at the Yuziv field of gas-bearing shale, which covered the north of the Donetsk region and part of Kharkiv. In 2012, the competition

For the right to develop the Yuziv field was held by the State Service of Geology and Subsoil of Ukraine, and the British oil and gas company Shell won the authorities did not like the prospect of Ukraine’s energy independence, therefore they tried in every possible way to slow down the development of shale gas;

Therefore, in the Donbass and in several other regions of Ukraine where they planned to extract shale gas, a large-scale campaign of protests began in Donetsk, Luhansk, Kharkiv, and regular protests were openly led by pro-Russian forces who acted in the interests of Gazprom in the tents of anti-shale

Protests, the organization Ukrainian election of Viktor Medvedchuk took an active part in all rallies, representatives of the Communist Party of Ukraine in Donetsk also came to the rallies, representatives of the MMM, whose leader Denis Pushylin later became the head of the so-called DNR, Mavrodi’s followers

Were mistaken for usual PR, in addition, the fighters against shale gas supported their views with all kinds of horror stories and intimidation. Films commissioned by Gazprom about the consequences of shale gas production were distributed in the network. During the Revolution of Dignity, the movement against shale gas quickly faded into

The background, and the problem itself lost its relevance after the start of the war. However, the shale theme continued to be used in propaganda . to extract fuel led to the appearance of a version that

The war broke out due to gas in 2014 in the Russian mass media it was written that Ukraine wanted to destroy the entire population of Donbas in order to extract shale gas there shale gas in the Donetsk region In the end, they did not start extracting after the start of hostilities,

Investors gave up their plans, the logic of the pro-Russian organizations was simple. They all promoted the refusal to sign the association agreement with the European Union and supported the entry into the Customs Union, assured that in this case Russia would give Ukraine a discount on gas and we would not need to pollute

Our environment by extracting it independently, they tried to convince Ukrainians to because complete energy dependence on Russia is more convenient and comfortable than independence, the idea of ​​blocking European integration with the Western world and taking a course towards the Russian customs union became the main reason for the development of

Trade wars in 2012-13 trade wars in the summer of 2013, starting a trade war with Ukraine and closing its markets for some Ukrainian goods Moscow is using a whip and gingerbread policy to stop Ukraine’s westward movement among the gingerbread was a promise to provide a loan in

The amount of 15 billion US dollars to supposedly save the Ukrainian government from an imminent default cheese war the biggest public role in the trade attack from the Russian side was played by the main state sanitary doctor Gennady Onyshchenko in January 2012, he was worried about Ukrainian cheese,

The main complaint about the quality of the product is palm oil, which should not be in it. during 2011, according to the state statistics, 161,000 tons of hard cheeses were produced in Ukraine, the CIS countries bought the most Ukrainian cheese, primarily Russia with

The words of that little boy for the previous 10 months were brought to the erephy 555 tons ago, possible restrictions and bans would deal a strong blow to Ukrainian producers, that is exactly what Gennady Onyshchenko said. He complained about the Ukrainian inaction, which is not able to solve generally quite ordinary

Issues. To begin with, the Russians banned the products of the three largest factories that supplied 90% of Ukrainian cheese, Prometheus Gadyach cheese and Peryatinsky cheese factory At the end of February, Onyshchenko again stated that the list of prohibited producers could be

Expanded, this is the kind of sanitary doctor who decides everything himself, and the Russian authorities seem to not. In a few days, the threat came true and exports to Russia were closed to four more Ukrainian factories, and vegetable fats and non-compliance with the Russian standards

Were again found in their products technical regulations, negotiations began about the inspection of Russians to Ukrainian factories. However, they were constantly postponed and while the inspection was postponed, Ukrainian producers suffered greater losses. On March 30, Russia, the consumer inspector reported that violations were found at the Gadyach cheese factory

On the same day. The Ukrainian side stated that the violations were purely technical and caused by the difference in production technologies. that do not affect the quality of raw materials, and later announced the results of an independent inspection from four laboratories in Russia

And Ukraine, which did not find palm oil in Ukrainian products. In the end, negotiations took place in Moscow. As a result, three Ukrainian producers were admitted to the Russian market. The ban did not last long, and after its cancellation, Russian consumers continued to buy Ukrainian cheeses. This is how the consumer

Sentiment of Vref was described after the ban was lifted by the head of the public relations department of the largest Russian retailer X5 Retail Group, Volodymyr Rusanov. Ukrainian cheeses are not the cheapest on the Russian market, they are closer to the upper limit of the price range.

Says that cheeses are bought primarily because of the quality of the media, they hastened to call it a cheese victory, but it was too early In the following months, the Russians continued the planned inspections of Ukrainian factories, again found technological violations in May, Russia consumed the supervision again raised claims of

Long-verified factories, they say, they found something wrong in the samples again A in June, they were interested in returning to the inspection of several more factories. And of course Rospozhivnadzor said that Ukraine, quoting, breaks the cheese agreements, this is how

The cheese war took place, the second series of Rospozhivnadzor did not allow 312 tons of products from the washed and Gadyach cheese factories, despite the fact that they had already been repeatedly inspected, the cheese war did not

Destroy the dairy and cheese industry industry of Ukraine, however, the damage to the economy was still a task, the Ukrainian Agrarian Business Club calculated the loss of Ukraine from the ban on the import of cheese in the first half of 2012, 7.7

Tons of cheese were brought to the Russian Federation less than last year, which led to a loss of about 46.8 million dollars in addition to producers who lost part of the sales markets, peasant farms that sold milk were also affected, and the drop in demand led

To a decrease in prices, 20% less dry milk was exported, 56% less whole milk products and as much as 81% less butter, the total losses amounted to 78 .9 million US dollars chocolate war a year later Muscovy, in the person of the above-mentioned Gennady Onishchenko, once again

Raised the profile of the quality of Ukrainian sweets, with particular emphasis on Roshen products. On July 29, 2013, they announced a ban on the import of chocolate from the Ukrainian company, citing the fact that the chemical benzopyrene, which is a dangerous carcinogen, why exactly was the company rn

First of all, it was actively present on the Russian market According to various estimates, from 20 to 50% of exports went to Russia, and the company itself was even included in the rankings of the largest confectionery manufacturers in the world, but the most important reason was probably another

Reason, its owner was Petro Poroshenko, who took an active part in the settlement of past trade conflicts, then everything unfolded according to the scenario of a cheese war, but after Onyshchenko’s statement, examinations also began to be conducted in Belarus, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Moldova, which did not detect harmful substances in confectionery

Products, several Ukrainian laboratories also confirmed the absence of benzopyrene in chocolate, and 29 In August, Armenia also announced the absence of this harmful substance in candies, that is, all those who conducted examinations they could not find anything, but only the Russian Federation found it, and the reason here is clearly not in

The mythical higher quality of expertise. To understand the real reason for the bans, it is worth remembering that just in the summer of 2013, negotiations on joining the customs union led by the Russian Federation were underway, and that was when Ukraine began to at least an attempt to agree

On more favorable conditions and as an alternative to think about rapprochement with the European Union, then political blackmail of the Russian Federation, a terrible trading partner, the most reliable way to avoid such dependence – diversification of sales markets, but we were prevented in every way by throwing

Narratives about friendship with Russia into society and that everyone except Russia is bad, it is worth noting that these were the years 2012-13 when many Ukrainians believed in a possible friendship with them and the president was pro-Russian Yanukovych , but even under such conditions, Russia blocked Ukrainian exports

Export-import Blockade chocolate and cheese wars were not avoided Russia continued to try to prevent the import of Ukrainian goods in 2014. In 2014, 1,000 freight wagons with Ukrainian goods stopped at the Russian border. Russia blocked the sale of all Ukrainian milk and dairy products, and then

Banned the import of Ukrainian potatoes, canned vegetables and fish. The consumer watchdog also initiated a ban on the import of Ukrainian beer juices. and canned goods, again due to the non-compliance of quality with Russian requirements, another hostile measure at the beginning of 2016 was a direct ban on the transit

Of Ukrainian products through the territory of Russia, after the cancellation of the free trade zone with Ukraine, import duties rose from zero to five, and in some places even 20%. and the weighted average rate up to 7.7%. in addition, Russia had

The opportunity to introduce additional ban quotas and other non-tariff measures in 2014 despite the annexation of Crimea and the beginning of the war in Donbas Ukraine exported $9.8 billion worth of goods to Russia, the volume of imports was $12.7 billion in 2015 exports fell by half and imports by 41% in

2016, Ukraine sold 25.6% less goods to Russia and bought 31.3% less after the start of the war in 2014, the introduction of mutual trade restrictions and the cessation of direct gas imports from Russia trade volumes with the Russian Federation the main articles of import of the Russian Federation, mineral

Fuels and oil, and exports of metals and inorganic chemicals fell. The share of Russian oil purchased by Ukraine also significantly decreased from 50% to 32% in the period from 2009 to 2019. However, such a decrease can be explained by the ban

On exporting oil without special permits issued by by the Russian government, the Russian Federation never considered Ukraine as an independent state, but made attempts to put us in its complete economic or political dependence, choosing at the same time various

Methods, from pretending to be allies and partners to a hybrid invasion in 2014 and a full-scale invasion in 2022, and such plans were hatched in advance. Onyshchenko in March In 2019, our goal of returning Ukraine to the Russian state became clear

. Agents Agents of the Russian special services are those who for years held positions in the office of the president of the SBU, the General Staff and in the Verkhovna Rada. emissaries of the FSB or the former KGB have been entrenched in the power structures since the 90s and lobbied for pro-Russian

Interests, occupying their places in the political Verkhivka, organized disinformation campaigns, propaganda, sabotage, blocked economic reforms in 2014, they played a key role in Russian aggression against Ukraine, organized the annexation Crimea and supported the separatists in Donbas, Viktor Medvedchuk is one of the well-known traitors in Ukraine’s registry. Already in

The late 90s, he took a dominant position in the Verkhovna Rada. Later, in the period 2002-2005, he held the position of the head of the Administration of the President of Ukraine, for which he was called the gray Cardinal of Kuchma. a staunch opponent of Viktor Yushchenko.

And in the 2004 presidential elections, he supported Yanukovych. He became one of the developers of the well-known constitutional reform that cut the powers of the head of state in favor of the parliament . Ukraine But his wife, Osana Marchenko, is a real business shark, we are a simple, cool family,

Actually, because we are satisfied with the little people who know us. Everything is simple with us, despite the complete suspension of air traffic between Ukraine and the Russian Federation since 2015, the state aviation service has openly enjoyed the exclusive right of direct flights to Russia in its own

Political and business interests. On June 23, 2014, he represented terrorist organizations and the LPR at the negotiations regarding their cessation of hostilities in the Donbass since the first days of the war with Russia. Medvedchuk repeatedly stated his desire to settle this conflict peacefully and to start a wide-ranging dialogue

Between Kyiv and Donbass, although not mentioning the initiator of hostilities, the Russian Federation, then deals with the issue of exchanging hostages that terrorists receive in 2019. In 2019, Medvedchuk said that he did not see the point of representing the interests of President Volodymyr Zelenskyi’s team in the negotiations

After the introduction of sanctions for treason, initiation of a criminal case, but in 2022 he was detained Ukraine managed to return 200 servicemen from captivity for its exchange, another agent of the Russian special services who was engaged in the humanitarian sphere, which would seem to be outside of politics,

Ex-minister of education and science, youth and sports of Ukraine, former member of the Party of Regions, Dmytro Tabachnyk, first a people’s deputy, then an adviser to the president, and finally a leader of the Ministry of Education and Science made a number of loud and

Controversial statements and steps directed against the Ukrainization of education directly carried out the task of reformatting educational and other fields to the needs of the Russian Federation he considered bilingualism the most suitable for Ukraine promoted the interests of Russian distributors who sought to return

Russian dubbing for Ukrainian film distribution promoted the Russian edition in Ukraine corrected history textbooks in 2012, based on Tabachnyk’s submission, the Ministry of Education developed a new curriculum for fifth-grade children, according to which world history and the history of Ukraine were combined into one course . of literature

Read Pushkin and Lermant’s knowledge of Russian literature is one of the mandatory and integral signs of any civilized and educated person – he stated in 2014 . crossed customs to that side after the invasion of the Russian Federation. Tabachnik consulted the heads of the Russian administrations

Of the Kherson and Zaporizhzhia regions, asked the occupiers to provide round-the-clock armed guarding of the polling stations during the period of the illegal referendum. There is also evidence of his close cooperation with enemy special services . Kadyrov, with whom they organized the export of agricultural machinery to Crimea from the warehouses

Of a local agricultural holding, was also involved in the looting of the property of the residents of Melitopol. It is surprising how such a person was engaged in raising awareness of the Ukrainian nation after the war. He fled to Russia, where he received citizenship . the period from

1998 to 2001 followed in his father’s footsteps. Working in the position of deputy commissioner in the management of the security service of Ukraine, later as an assistant to the government, a people’s deputy who voted for dictatorial laws and an adviser to Azarov

During the time of Kuchma, he was involved in the illegal arms trade, in particular, the Derkach family’s surname also sounded in in the context of the scandal about Ukraine’s sale to Iraq of the Kolchug missile complex in order to circumvent international sanctions, the fact that he

Is a Russian agent is known all over the world. The US Treasury Department imposed sanctions on him, and Facebook blocked his account before that. believed that Derkach did it in order to discredit US officials, he built an agent network of the Russian Federation, oversaw the creation of a number of private

Security companies in order to use these structures for the rapid capture of Ukraine Derkach received at least $567,000 from the law enforcement and intelligence agencies of Russia for subversive activities against Ukraine, in particular, he had to discredit Ukraine in the international arena, worsen diplomatic relations with states and hinder integration into

The European Union and NATO, the political leadership of the DPR was organized directly by Russia and had its curators there, a member of the former financial pyramid, mmm, and then a political party, we have a goal Denis Pushylin exactly became the deputy of the self-proclaimed governor of Donetsk region, Pavlo Gubarev, who

Was recognized as a terrorist in Ukraine in 2014. Propaganda was spread using the same technology as the agency of protests against shale gas extraction, only there were completely different fictions about buses with the right sector and fierce banders who are moving to Donbas to kill everyone who speaks Russian, it is interesting that

The protests against shale gas and separatism were engaged in by almost the same people, the mobilization of the population of Donbas to fight against mining turned out to be a rehearsal for a larger draft in 2014, Pushylin took part in the capture and occupation of the regional administration in Donetsk and led

The rally He supported actions that undermined the territorial integrity, sovereignty and independence of Ukraine, in 2018 he was appointed as the so-called head of the People’s Republic of Ukraine, today indefinite sanctions have been imposed on him and he is included in the sanctions lists of the EU, Great Britain, the United States

And other countries. region. It is not surprising that before the annexation of Crimea and the start of the hybrid war in the east in January 2013, he was appointed the head of the Security Service of Ukraine and approved as part of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine

. biography of the submission of income declaration was one of the organizers of the illegal supply of weapons and explosives from the occupied Crimea, a state traitor and a spy of Russia, in 2014 he escaped from the mainland of Ukraine, and now he also heads the Russian

State Security Service in the Kherson region, Mr. Andriy Portnov, a lawyer, an expert in his field case, a member of the Supreme Council of Justice and a people’s deputy, first of the Byut faction, then the head of the main department for judicial affairs of the

Yanukovych administration, this person wrote laws for years, developed a new criminal procedure code, it is to him that he owes the disorder in the law enforcement system, he dealt with all issues of reforming law enforcement agencies and justice agencies, also portnova is called the initiator of the development of the dictatorial

Laws of January 16, 2014, which significantly limited the constitutional rights of Ukrainian citizens and were directed against Euromaidan . he was accused of receiving illegal payments in the amount of UAH 26 million as a presidential adviser to the head of the main department for judicial reform and the judiciary. The Pechersk

Court overturned the decision. Portnov carefully built a system and connections therefore helped him to avoid any punishment after the Maidan and the escape of Yanukovych. Portnov also left Ukraine. Regionalists Sivkovych Tsarev Kolisnichenko. Deputies of the Russian movement in Yanukovych’s team. A trio of agents at the political

Top gathered information about plans. of the Ukrainian army, the negotiations of the Ukrainian government with other countries and the internal political situation in Ukraine, which was passed on to the Russian special services, disinformation materials aimed at destabilizing the situation in Ukraine were distributed, so they spread fakes that

Ukraine was preparing for war with Russia, supported pro-Russian separatists in Donbas, provided them with financial and political support but their actions harmed our state to such an extent that it led to the undermining of security and contributed to aggression against Ukraine. Let’s look at the leadership of those

Responsible for the defense of Ukraine . were adapted to the NATO structure during the approval of the list of military property of the armed forces of Ukraine that was subject to alienation . of the Kharkiv agreements, when he was the commander-in-chief of the naval forces of Ukraine, he agreed to

The entire package of documents necessary for the implementation of the agreement between Ukraine and Russia without even attending the government meeting during which they were discussed, this created the conditions for the continuation of the basing of the Black Sea fleet of the Russian Federation on

The territory of Ukraine for 25 years and the build-up of military equipment, the very presence of the Russian fleet made the annexation of Crimea inevitable and easy. Dmytro Salamatin, a citizen of the Russian Federation, somehow suddenly appeared in Ukraine in the late 90s, just

When Putin came to power. Coincidence or deliberate actions, an FSB agent was sent in 2011. Salamatin was already appointed as the first director ukrobron Rom , having been given the opportunity to concentrate defense orders, he successfully failed them one by one by not fulfilling a number of important contracts for the supply

Of military equipment to other countries. In 2010, without the participation of Salamatin, the total profit of the enterprises later included in the ukrbronprom concern was about UAH 668 million in 2011 under his under the management, the profit decreased to

UAH 533 million, and according to the results of the first quarter of 2012, it was only UAH 95 million. His appointment to the Minister of Defense is clear that it was beneficial in the first place to Russia. seizure of other people’s property in particularly large amounts, abuse of official

Position, treason in the interests of the Russian Federation, and also suspected of undermining the defense capabilities of the security of Ukraine, so he broke the contract between the Kharkiv Design Bureau for Machine Building, Antonov and Progress and the Ministry of Defense of Iraq for the supply, repair, and maintenance of military equipment, this

Led to losses in Ukraine for the amount of 560 million dollars, he replaced his predecessor as Minister of Defense Pavlo Lebdev first entered politics as a non-party member of parliament from Tymoshenko, then switched to the Party of Regions,

He is completing the collapse of the Ukrainian army on the eve of the annexation of Crimea and the outbreak of war in the east, Lebeidev fled Ukraine even before official resignation was present

In the Kremlin at a meeting on the occasion of the beginning of the temporary occupation of Crimea, it is not surprising why our army was unable to fight back then they tried to fight back Agents from the middle, these people deliberately reduced Ukraine’s defense capabilities, the analysis carried out by the Kyiv

Research Institute of Forensic Examinations showed the state of Ukraine’s armaments for different years After independence, Ukraine gradually lost its combat capability. And under the leadership of Russian agents, the armed forces were completely disarmed in the years 2010-2020, when they wrote off 1,000 tanks out of

2,728 pieces, 205 battleships, 29 s-200 missiles, 127 combat aircraft, 29 combat or transport helicopters in the years 2012-2014, for Salamatin and levidva, 292 more tanks were written off, 1,436 64 armored personnel carriers remained, 2,020 armored vehicles remained, 98 combat aircraft, 16 army helicopters, as well as 223 tactical missiles .

Military inhibitions of land reform Russia, through its puppet political forces in the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, interfered in various spheres and blocked the implementation of key free market reforms in 2001 they lobbied for the introduction of a temporary moratorium on the sale of agricultural land in

Ukraine, the appointment was initially effective for one year, then extended for four in In 2008, a rule was added to the Land Code stating that the moratorium can be terminated only by the entry into force of two laws on the land cadastre and the law on the

Land market, the ban was extended in 2011 for one year in 2012 for h years during 2015-18 four times in one year People’s Deputy Mykola in 2014, the Rudkov chairman of the Socialist Party of Ukraine fled the country, at a plenary session in 2004,

He proposed to extend the moratorium on land alienation until January 1, 2010 also supported all draft laws aimed at extending the moratorium on the sale of land. Yushchenko called the moratorium on the sale of agricultural land the cause of corruption in the land market, in his opinion,

The abolition of the moratorium would be able to eliminate shady schemes for the privatization of land plots and increase the real incomes of citizens who own land, however, the Party of Regions advocated the extension of the moratorium until 2009, the moratorium was supported by regional socialists, communists, all those who were

Natives of the Soviet era, supporters of the collective farm system, Viktoriya Demydyanchuk, a faction of the Communist Party of Ukraine at a meeting of the Verkhovna Rada in 2010, next quote, no one has any objections that the village became the subject of

Merciless exploitation by a raw material colony when If the land moratorium is lifted , the uncontrolled sale of land will begin, and the land holdings will be larger and larger since Soviet times. The collective farm was the best in the region, the economy was famous for the production of agricultural products. byut

Meeting of the Verkhovna Rada 2011 Dear deputies, do not allow the sale of land because it is the same as selling your mother end of quote 2012 Verkhovna Rada on the second attempt extended the moratorium on the sale of agricultural land until 2016,

269 people’s deputies voted for it, regional people played a key role in promoting the decision although Minister of Agriculture Mykola Prysiazhniuk stated in the summer of 2012 that Ukraine is already ready to lift the moratorium in 2013, the author of the draft law

Number 3520 is People’s Deputy from the Party of Regions Mykola Rudkovsky, according to the document, the purpose of adopting the draft law was to extend the moratorium on the sale of agricultural land until 2030.

Could have lasted forever if it were not for the demands of the European Union and the IMF. In 2017, a large-scale, saturated public debate began about the direction in which agriculture should develop, what format of land reform it needs, and

What overall place the moratorium on the sale of land occupies as the first impulses of changes in the situation with ownership of The decision of the European Court of Human Rights dated May 22, 2018 in the case of Zelenchuk and Tsetsyura v. Ukraine, the court

Recognized the land moratorium as a violation of the human right to dispose of one’s own property, i.e. Europe directly pointed out to Ukraine the illegality of the moratorium in 2020, yet passed the law on the circulation of agricultural

Land value and on July 1, 2021, it was partially canceled in the first 2 years, a restriction on the purchase of land of no more than 100 hectares in one hand applies for years, from 2024 the restriction will be up to 10,000 hectares in one hand for open sale for

Legal entities of analytics of the Kyiv School of Economics, in particular Oleg Nivyevskyi cited the following indicators of Ukraine’s development. If the moratorium had not been in effect, 35.8 billion dollars of generated added value instead of the actual 13.3 billion dollars in 2018 GDP could have been higher by as much as 17%.

The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development believed that the situation with the lack of a market destroyed Ukrainian GDP by approximately 1% every year, the effect of the moratorium as of 2018, according to the estimates of the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and

Food, the normal functioning of the market for both lease and sale of land could provide up to 1.5 billion dollars of revenues to the budget every year plus or minus 1.5% to GDP growth, the World Bank estimates 2% growth of Ukrainian GDP every year,

Slowing down of the pension reform at the beginning of 1991, Ukrainian pensioners found themselves in a difficult financial situation due to a number of reasons, in particular, the robbery of depositors of the Savings Bank of the USSR by the Soviet nomenclature at that time citizens of the Ukrainian SSR kept

84.3 billion rubles in Oschadbank accounts, later this money would mysteriously disappear and the vast majority of it would never return to its owners. It was one of the biggest economic losses suffered by Ukrainians during the Soviet era. The Soviet financial system worked like this, citizens put their

Savings in savings books at a branch of the USSR Savings Bank, after the end of the calendar year, the balance of these funds was debited to the benefit of the central office, which transferred them to the State Bank or the USSR Ministry of Finance. And they financed at their own discretion

Of them, economic sectors based not on criteria of efficiency and profitability , but on various political motives, for example, the development of new territories, increasing employment or strengthening defense capabilities. The Soviet economy was chronically scarce, that is, there was money, earnings were in their background, prices

Seemed low, and goods and services were constantly lacking at the end of the 1990s the average monthly pension was equal to 103.6 roubles, so pensioners had to save a lion’s share of their time. At that time, the deposits of Ukrainians in the Savings Bank of the USSR

Amounted to more than 50% of the official GDP of Ukraine in 1999 by current standards. This is a very high indicator caused by an artificially inflated share of savings due to the presence of a chronic deficit in the economic system deposits

Of the Savings Bank of the USSR were redistributed from successful countries to troubled countries, in fact, this redistribution was irreversible in such a system, Ukraine was the largest donor, the amount of deposits of Ukrainian citizens in the USSR Supreme Bank was 75% higher

Than the amount of loans issued by Ukrainian enterprises, the difference amounted to more than 36 billion rubles, it was almost 43% invested in the economies of other republics of the USSR, when the Soviet Union collapsed, the system collapsed, enterprises lost sales markets, and

Few people knew how to find new ways to reorientate themselves to the production of basic necessities, two years after the collapse of the USSR, the fall in Ukraine’s GDP did not reach double digits, and inflation, measured in values ​​with many zeros, quickly ate up not only cash savings, but

Even the monthly salary in 1993, the real salary was 6% of the 1990 level, a few years after the collapse of the USSR, Ukraine became a very poor country, if Ukrainians received the full value of their

Deposits in the State Bank of the USSR, then the Russian Federation would not be so impoverished, even though recognized itself as the legal successor of the USSR but refused to return funds to the depositors of the USSR Savings Bank in the early 2000s Leonid Kuchma started a pension reform with the aim of

Improving the social security system and the sustainability of the pension fund, however, here too Russian influence contributed to slowing down this process, then the Ukrainian authorities invited foreign consultants who deeply studied pension issues and worked out a comprehensive list of recommendations for

Pension reform already at that time there was an understanding of all systemic problems and future problems inherent in solidarity pensions and it was assumed that in order to eliminate them, in addition to the solidarity system, accumulative pensions would be introduced

So that each employee could be the master of his own pension, however, in as a result, the provisions of the adopted laws turned out to be declarative, because they were not supplemented by the necessary changes in tax financial legislation, the functioning

Of the stock market, etc., the main reason for not carrying out the reform was the populism, traditional for the post-Soviet society, and the fear of unpopular steps, such as raising the retirement age, which could turn into voter dissatisfaction, i.e., the problems of Ukrainian pensioners was not resolved And over time they only

Deepened not only what was started under Leonid Kuchma, the pension reform was not brought to the logical end of the actual launch of accumulative pensions, the activities of subsequent governments led the pension system in the exact opposite direction It started with Yanukovych’s premiership in 2000 Pension Fund

Of Ukraine was deficit-free in 2003, the structured deficit amounted to an acceptable 1.4 GDP in 5 years after that, average pensions expressed in euros increased by more than four times in 10 years More often than not, at the same time, real salaries

Increased only by two or three times, the pension system of Ukraine became one of the least efficient in Europe, when the economic crisis of 2008-2009 came, the flaws of the pension system came to the fore in the 1st year, the expenditures

Of the Pension Fund of Ukraine amounted to 17.5% of GDP, and the structural deficit was 7% of GDP, under the pressure of the IMF, new attempts at pension reforms appeared, the first took place in 2011 its authorship is attributed to Serhiy Tigibka, who at that time was

The deputy prime minister in the government of Mykola Azarov; de facto, its main goal was to cut the expenditures of the Pension Fund of Ukraine and the size of its deficit; therefore, there were no fundamental changes. And the entire reform was reduced to a few limiting points it was Azarov’s government

That laid down the principle of no deficit of the pension fund, a necessary condition for the introduction of mandatory accumulated pensions, which is effective to this day because of it, Ukraine can never get out of the vicious circle of pension problems,

The banking sphere will consider the destructive actions of the Russian Federation against Ukraine in the banking industry, the huge investments of Russian banks in Ukrainian banking institutions, their participation in financial transactions, these were instruments of influence which fueled the riskiness of the financial stability of Ukraine in 2011, an active

Campaign to rubleize the Ukrainian economy began, ruble bonds appeared, Russian banks began to introduce ruble loans for the population, and corporate lending was already in full swing at that time, by the beginning of 2012, nine Russian banks were concentrated in their hands

15.5% of the assets of the entire banking system of Ukraine and 16.3% of credit and investment resources, among them the largest in Russia are Bank of Moscow, Alfabank, Sberbank of Russia and Vneshtorgbank, according to a study by the Association of Ukrainian Banks, every tenth Ukrainian put their money on

Deposit in the Ukrainian representative office of one of of Russian banks among legal entities of Ukraine, the share of such deposits was 16%. the head of Sberbank of Russia, Herman Gref, declared his readiness to provide the government of Ukraine with a multibillion-dollar

Loan if Kyiv fails to resume cooperation with the International Monetary Fund. In this way, the Russian Federation wanted to distract Ukraine from cooperation with the IMF . a fund that gives not only one of the cheapest loans in the world, but

Also is a leader of reforms in countries, since the economic effect of them will guarantee the return of funds, meanwhile, against the background of the successive reduction of the NBU’s gold and foreign exchange reserves, the Ministry of Finance has already in June 2012

Returned 2 billion dollars to the Russian Foreign Trade Bank taken on credit in 2010, instead, Russian customers in the media spread information about how it would help the Ukrainian economy and citizens, that a cheap loan in rubles is better than

An expensive one in hryvnia, and in general, the hryvnia is an unclear currency and it is not clear what is supported, and the ruble is definitely reliable by one of the active advocates of the Russian ruble of banks, there was now a people’s deputy from the party with the servant of the people,

Oleksandr Dubinsky, who was then a presenter on the 1+1 channel, working out the orders of the Russian owners. This was a completely planned campaign to roubleize not only the economy, but also the internal calculations of households. They tried to teach ordinary people to count in rubles as in a stable and

A reliable currency and discredited the hryvnia as much as possible, as soon as you stop believing in the authenticity of the national currency, you stop believing in the state’s ability to do this, and the Russian Federation was striving for this. Russian assets

Present on the Ukrainian banking market at the beginning of February 2022 amounted to 1.6 trillion dollars, while a similar indicator of domestic banks 70 billion dollars, almost 23 times less. Sabotaging the transition to market pricing of utility tariffs, signing gas agreements resulted in a series of economic conflicts between Russia and

Ukraine regarding the conditions for the supply of natural gas and its transit to the countries of Western Europe through the territory of Ukraine on the part of Russia. These wars were aimed at economic and the political subordination of Ukraine to the interests of Russia, the main

Methods of conducting gas wars were gas tariffs for Ukraine, namely the lack of binding to the market price, that is, when the price of gas in Europe decreased in 2010, Ukraine continued to purchase it at a price of $450 per 1,000 cubic meters in Ukraine, gas pricing was not transparent enough

For the population, the government artificially lowered tariffs to an economically justified level for years, they were raised only in 2015, an economically justified gas price is the establishment of a single price at the level of import parity, such synthetic price regulation caused a number of problems, in particular, low prices are not

Covered the costs of purchasing gas for the needs of the population, the gas of own production was always not enough, the volumes of consumption by the population were much larger, and therefore it was necessary to use imported gas, the sales price of gas for the needs

Of the population at prices set by the state in the relevant periods was always much lower than the purchase price of gas consumed by the population Ukrainians have always paid a much higher price than what they saw in the bills, they simply paid part of this price directly and part was paid from

The state budget. And this is taxpayers’ money. Therefore, money was taken from the pockets of Ukrainians to pay this other part of the price for gas, that is, before both under Tymoshenko and under Yanukovych Azarov, the price of gas was not economically justified; then the cost price of self-produced gas, at

Which Naftogaz then purchased it from its mining companies, was artificially understated; at the same time, Gazprom was paid a significantly inflated price ; a logical question arises. economically justified level and because it was profitable, for example, for Gazprom, the low price of self-

Produced gas leads to a decline in own production, the low price of gas for the population leads to overestimated inefficient consumption, therefore, energy efficiency significantly decreased, the population’s demotivation to save was caused by subsidizing excess consumption, the difference between consumption and production

Became an opportunity for Gazprom to sell more gas and earn more profit, this is an overpayment for imports, the volumes of imported gas sold for the needs of the population multiplied by the average value of imported gas at a single price for gas

At the level of import parity, production would increase and consumption would decrease to such an extent that Ukraine would not import gas, and then Gazprom would receive $18.6 billion less in revenue for the period from 2009 to 2015. All these years Ukrainians were given hidden subsidies for gas,

Taking money out of the pockets of Ukrainians themselves to compensate for the price difference, while someone helped Gazprom probably earn almost 19 billion dollars , when the USA and Europe asked Ukraine to raise the price of gas and bringing utility tariffs to market conditions were requirements for cooperation with the IMF, the government

Deliberately sabotaged the implementation of such a decision, Azarov’s statement on November 22, 2013 about the suspension of cooperation with the European Union in the Verkhovna Rada and the refusal to sign the agreement on the association and the free trade zone at the Vilnius summit

Destroyed hopes for a better European future and became the reason for the students’ exit to Independence Square What marked the beginning of the unfolding of the revolution of dignity [music] the British Center for Economics and Business Research commissioned by the government of Ukraine on the eve of the full-scale

Invasion published a report in which he calculated that Russia’s war against Ukraine in the period from 2014 to 2020 cost us 280 billion dollars every year we have 40 billion dollars of lost GDP, which is equivalent to 19.9% ​​of the annual pre-crisis GDP, the assessment of previous losses included the losses of

The Russian-Ukrainian war in Donbas, the occupation of Crimea and capital losses , the conflict also significantly reduced investors’ confidence in the Ukrainian economy, the constant decline in Ukrainian exports, the impact on the public purse due to the decrease in tax revenues and higher requirements for military expenditures, combined with

Additional military expenditures of 14.9 billion dollars during this period, Ukraine could spend on non-military targets are $63.3 billion more in the absence of conflict from 2020, during the escalation of the conflict and with the beginning of a full-scale invasion, the losses

Have increased, and here it is already more difficult to calculate, in addition to direct military costs, indirect ones such as losses from migration are added, the number of refugees from Ukraine throughout the world the world according to the UN agency now reaches more than 6 million people

Damage to infrastructure and houses payments to military families, etc. according to the Stockholm International Institute for the Study of Peace Problems only military Expenditures including all current and capital expenditures for the armed forces Ministry of Defense military and civilian personnel including pensions of military personnel and social services for personnel operation and

Maintenance procurement military research and development and military aid in 2022 in Ukraine amounted to almost 44 billion USD, which is 33.5% of GDP since the beginning of the full-scale Russian invasion According to calculations by the Kyiv School of Economics using the methodology of the World Bank as of June In 2023

, the total amount of direct damage, i.e. damage to physical infrastructure Ukraine as a result of the war amounted to more than 150.5 billion dollars in terms of replacement value The largest share in the total amount of direct losses belongs to residential buildings 37.1% or 55.9 billion dollars and infrastructure

24.3% or 36.6 billion dollars loss of business assets is a minimum 11.4 billion dollars and continues to grow by another 8.7 billion dollars Direct losses of the agricultural sector, in turn, the sum of indirect losses caused to Ukraine due to the loss of income in various areas of the economy, additional costs

Related to the war, as well as future costs that the economy will suffer as a result of the war amount to 265 .6 billion dollars, of which the assets of enterprises and industry suffered the most losses, 19.4%, as well as agro-industrial complex and land resources, 15.2%. indirect losses of the retail

Trade sector amount to 12.7%, as well as losses of the energy sector amount to at least 27.2 billion dollars or 10.2%. total indirect losses from the destruction of infrastructure facilities are 8.7% and continue to grow, according to a preliminary estimate, costs for demining will amount to about 41 billion dollars, which in turn

Is 15.4%. i.e., the total monetary value of combined direct and indirect losses for one and a half years of the war is 416.1 billion dollars. And if you calculate the minimum expenses from Russian aggression since 2014, it will be almost 700 billion dollars, as we said at

The beginning of the video, this is more than seven times more than all direct foreign investments in Ukraine during the time of independence, endless systematic Russian interventions hindered the economic development of Ukraine, is this the taming of prospective competitiveness, or do the Russians hate Ukraine by nature and

Try to destroy us by any means? economic perpetuations have become a kind of test of stability for the political social structure and even consciousness masses, in fact, the Russian invasion of Ukraine began long before hostilities, the territory of our state must be made dangerous for

The lives of our citizens, first the Kremlin began to destroy our factories, the economy, and when it failed, it moved to an open military invasion, but they did not succeed in destroying us then, but it will not be possible to deprive of Independence Now, unfortunately, we

Will not be able to receive full compensation from the Russian aggression that lasted for the entire time of our Independence. However, we Ukrainians must think about how we can economically restore Ukraine to make it a tiger of the European economy. How

To do it. We described in our report what was written together with by world economists as the architect of the Polish economic miracle by Lesyk Balcerowych and the author of Slovak reforms by Ivan Miklos economic priorities of post-war Ukraine the reform plan if all the changes proposed by us are implemented, Ukraine

Will turn into an economically free country and an attractive place for tens of millions of people, we carefully read all the links in the description write your comments under this video, what other examples of the economic destruction of Ukraine

Did we not name Russia the federation Maybe we will release a second series of videos YouTube channel the price of the state thanks our patrons sponsor on YouTube donors and those who bought us coffee without your generous support this channel would not exist

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Реєструйся на курс “Основи інвестування для українців” від “Школи останнього капіталіста” – https://ostkap.school/courses/17 Промокод “Ціна держави” на 5% знижку

Війна Росії проти України почалась не у 2022 чи у 2014 році. Вона була з першого дня нашої незалежності. Це була економічна гібридна війна. Вона мала різні форми: придбання російськими компаніями українських активів, які потім розпилювались на металобрухт, а обладнання вивозилося в РФ; лобіювання через своїх політичних агентів гальмування запуску ринку землі, пенсійної реформи, видобутку сланцевого газу; під ширмою “справедливих тарифів для населення” Кремль лобіював надмірне споживання газу, ринкова вартість якого покривалася через бюджет коштом платників податків, що забезпечувало “Газпрому” гарантовані прибутки; численні торгівельні війни проти України.

Навіть вторгнення та окупація частини території України мала на меті нанести нашій країні непоправні економічні втрати, щоб потім вчергове через свою машину пропаганди запускати тези про “недієздатну державу” (failed state).

Тільки за мінімальними підрахунками війна РФ проти України з 2014 року по червень 2023 року нанесла нашій економіці збитків на майже $700 млрд – це у понад 7 разів більше, ніж усі прямі іноземні інвестиції в Україну за часів незалежності.

У цьому відео ми докладно розповімо на конкретних прикладах як Московія системно знищувала нас економічно і що нам необхідно зробити, аби відновитися від наслідків російського економічного вторгнення.

Докладніше про реформи у звіті CASE Україна “Економічні пріоритети для повоєнної України”: https://bit.ly/Economic_priorities_UA

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00:00 Вступ
03:03 Поглинання та подальше знищення українських підприємств
03:34 Харківський тракторний завод
07:43 Запорізький алюмінієвий комбінат
09:32 Дніпропетровський “Дніпрометиз”
11:43 Selmi
13:22 Львівський автобусний завод (ЛАЗ)
15:18 Чорноморський суднобудівний завод
15:44 Суднобудівний завод “Океан”
17:11 Нафтопереробні заводи
20:52 Миколаївський глиноземний завод
22:22 Дніпровський металургійний завод
22:46 Луганськ Тепловоз
23:33 Лисичанський содовий завод
24:54 Різниця між російськими “інвесторами” та ArcelorMittal
25:35 Контроль інфопростору України
25:56 Книговидавництво та книжковий ринок
27:21 Кінематограф
29:33 Рітейл
31:16 Нафтогазові угоди
37:35 Видобуток сланцевого газу
41:16 Торгові війни
50:24 Рашистські агенти в українській владі
01:01:02 Знищення армії та Укроборонпром
01:05:22 Гальмування земельної реформи
01:10:04 Саботаж пенсійної реформи
01:15:43 Рублевізація української економіки
01:18:40 Саботаж ринкового ціноутворення комунальних послуг
01:22:30 Ціна російської воєнної агресії
01:27:33 Як Україні відновитись від російської агресії

#РФ #Україна #війна